Sleep apnea is a common, but often overlooked, sleep disorder that affects millions worldwide. Characterized by repeated pauses in breathing during sleep, sleep apnea can significantly disrupt
rest and contribute to serious health problems, especially concerning the heart.
What is sleep apnea?
Sleep apnea primarily comes in two forms: obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), where throat muscles intermittently relax and block the airway, and central sleep apnea (CSA), which involves a communication failure between the brain and muscles controlling breathing. Both types lead to interrupted breathing, reduced oxygen levels, and fragmented sleep.
The impact of sleep apnea on the heart
The correlation between sleep apnea and cardiovascular health is well documented. Here are key ways sleep apnea affects the heart:
- Increased blood pressure: Repeated episodes of oxygen deprivation cause the body to release stress hormones, leading to elevated blood pressure, a significant risk factor for heart disease.
- Arrhythmias: Sleep apnea is linked to irregular heartbeats, such as atrial fibrillation, which can increase the risk of stroke and heart failure.
- Heart Failure: Chronic oxygen deprivation and stress on the heart muscle may contribute to the development or worsening of heart failure.
- Coronary artery disease: Sleep apnea can accelerate plaque buildup in arteries, increasing the risk of heart attacks.
Why early diagnosis and treatment matter
Because sleep apnea’s symptoms—like loud snoring, daytime fatigue, and morning headaches—may seem mild, many remain undiagnosed. However, untreated sleep apnea increases the risk of severe cardiac events. Diagnosis often involves a sleep study, and treatment options range from lifestyle changes and dental devices to CPAP machines and, in some cases, surgery.
Healthy sleep means a healthier heart. Recognizing and treating sleep apnea is essential to protect heart health. If you or a loved one experience symptoms of sleep apnea, consider making an appointment at the Sleep Disorders Center at Northwest Texas Healthcare System today.